The Hajj in Islam is of three types: Hajj at-Tamattu, Hajj al-Qiran, and Hajj al-Ifrad. Those who live over 48 miles away from Makkah should perform Hajj at-Tamattu, while Hajj al-Qiran and Hajj al-Ifrad are incumbent on others.
Hajj Al-Ifrad And Umrah Mufradah
A person who cannot perform Umrah Tamattu due to shortage of time should go on Hajj al-Ifrad. With the same ihram for the Hajj at-Tamattu, he can perform the Hajj al-Ifrad and go to the plain of Arafat and embark upon wuquf like other pilgrims. He should then go to Mashar and stay (wuquf). Afterwards, he should go to Mina and perform the Mina rites apart from hady, which is not compulsory for him. He should subsequently go to Makkah, perform the tawaf, prayer, Say, tawaf an-nisa and its prayer.
After this, he can dispense with ihram and return to Mina to pass the night and spend nights of tashriq period as done by other pilgrims. In principle, therefore, Hajj al-Ifrad is similar to Hajj at-Tamattu with the exception that in the latter case, a hady should be offered, while in the Hajj al-Ifrad, hady is not compulsory and is rather recommended.
Umrah Mufradah, which should be performed after Hajj by one, whose Hajj at-Tamattu has been turned into Hajj al-Ifrad requires departing from Adni al-Hal. It is best to put on ihram from "Jeranah" or "Hudaybiyah", or "Taneem" which are closer to Makkah. Then he should go to Makkah for circumambulation around the Kabah and recite its prayer, embark upon Say between Safa and Marwah, engage in taqsir or shave his head, carry out the tawaf al-nisa and recite tawaf prayer.
Hajj At-Tamattu In Brief
Hajj at-Tamattu includes two rites: Umrah Tamattu and Hajj at-Tamattu. Umrah Tamattu has priority over Hajj.
Umrah Tamattu has the following five acts:
1. Getting into the state of the ihram
2. Tawaf around the Kabah
3. Tawaf prayer
4. Say between Safa and Marwah
5. Taqsir
When the muhrim accomplishes these tasks, things, which had become unlawful to him due to ihram, become permitted.
Hajj at-Tamattu comprises of the following thirteen acts:
1. Getting into the state of the ihram
2. Wuquf in the plain of Arafat,
3. Wuquf in Mashar al-Haram
4. Stoning the Jamarat al-Aqabah in Mina
5. Offering sacrifice in Mina
6. Shaving the head or taqsir in Mina
7. Tawaf in Makkah
8. Reciting two rakah tawaf prayer
9. Say between Safa and Marwah
10. Tawaf an-nisa
11. Reciting two rakah prayer of tawaf an-nisa.
12. Staying in Mina on the 11th, 12th, and 13th Dhul al-Hijjah (for some people)
13. Ramy Jamarat on the 11th 12th of Dhul al-Hijjah. Those who remain in Mina on the night preceding the 13th should engage in ramy jamarat on the 13th.
It is permissible to perform Umrah Mufradah during the Hajj season before Umrah Tamattu.
Based on precaution, one should observe a month's space between the two Umrah he undertakes for himself. If the second Umrah is performed through niyabah, the naib can receive wages for it. If the Umrah Mufradah were obligatory for the one who has hired the naib, it would be sufficient.
