Verse 183 - Surah Al-Baqarah

O you who have believed! Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become righteous.

يا أَيُّهَا الَّذينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيامُ كَما كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ

                                                                                    Imam Hassan (peace be upon him), a Jew who was the most knowledgeable among them in various matters, came to the Messenger of God (peace be upon him) and asked him various questions. He asked, “O Muhammad (peace be upon him)! Tell me why God has made fasting obligatory on your nation for thirty days, while He had made it obligatory on other nations for more than that?” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “When Adam (peace be upon him) ate from that tree, it remained in his stomach for thirty days. So God made hunger and thirst obligatory on his offspring for thirty days, and the fact that He allowed them to eat something at night [and break their fast] is a mercy from God Almighty to them, just as it was with Adam (peace be upon him). [And he also fasted for thirty days] Thus, God Almighty made fasting obligatory on my nation for thirty days.” Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) recited this verse: Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may fear Allah for a specified number of days. The Jewish man said: “You have spoken the truth, O Muhammad! What is the reward for one who fasts?” The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Any believer who fasts the month of Ramadan and dedicates it to Allah, Allah will bestow upon him seven qualities: First, that he removes the forbidden [flesh grown due to wealth] from his body. Second, that he draws closer to Allah’s mercy. Third, that he has made expiation for the mistake of his father Adam (peace be upon him). Fourth, that Allah will make the hardships of death easy for him. Fifth, he will be safe from hunger and thirst on the Day of Judgment. Sixth, he will be safe from entering the fire of Hell. Seventh, God will make him enjoy the fruits of Paradise.” The Jew said, “You have spoken the truth, O Muhammad!”

Tafsir Ahlul Bayt (peace be upon him) Vol. 1, p. 848. He who is not present at the Faqih, Vol. 2, p. 73/Bihar al-Anwar, Vol. 93, p. 368, and al-Ikhtasas, p. 37, and Iqbal al-A’mal, p. 4; in them: “What is the reward of ... He said, ‘You have spoken the truth, O Muhammad?’” Deleted/Noor al-Thaqalayn/Al-Burhan