Yemen is a country located in southwest Asia and in the south of the Arabian Peninsula, and its capital city is Sana'a. The population of Yemen is about 23 million 800 thousand people. Its official language is Arabic and its currency is the Yemeni Rial. Yemen has an area of 527,968 square kilometers. This country has two important coasts, the western coast on the shore of the Red Sea and the southern coast on the coast of the Arabian Sea. It also has more than 200, the most important of which is the Socotra Islands in the Arabian Sea.
History
Yemen is a country in the neighborhood of Saudi Arabia that has had a special position since ancient times. Since ancient times, Yemen has been a rich and fertile region with forests in mountainous areas and groves and gardens of various fruits in other areas. The story of its historical dam, known as Marib Dam, is mentioned in history books. At that time, Yemen was called "Happy Arabia".
Between 1962 and 1990, Yemen was divided into two countries, the Arab Republic of Yemen, which united in this year and the Republic of Yemen was created. In 1994, a civil war broke out between the southern separatists and the central government. According to a 2012 estimate, between 60% and 65% of the Yemeni population are Sunni Muslims and between 35% and 40% are Shiites.
Political Crisis
This country has been caught in a political crisis since 2011. In this year, street protests against Ali Abdullah Saleh, who had practically become the country's president for life, led to his removal from power. In February 2012, Abd-Rabbu Mansour Hadi was elected as the country's president in a one-man election, but political differences continued and the two Ansarullah groups led by the Houthis and Al-Qaeda entered into conflict with the central government and each other. The Houthis captured Sana'a in September 2014 and announced the formation of a national unity government. Mansour Hadi and his government announced their resignation on January 21, 2015, but on February 21, Mansour Hadi withdrew his resignation and declared Aden as the temporary capital.
On March 26, a coalition of regional countries led by Saudi Arabia launched airstrikes against the Houthis in support of Hadi's government. On December 4, 2017, Ali Abdullah Saleh was killed by the Houthis after he had previously changed his positions towards Saudi Arabia.
After the Yemeni revolution in 2012, the power of the central government has been largely lost and most parts of the country are out of its control. The Houthis, who are a Zaydi Shiite group and whose center is in Saada province in the north of the country, are the strongest of these groups, and until March 2015, they control Sana'a, the capital and the largest city of the country. Ansar al-Sharia, which is a branch of al-Qaeda, is another powerful group in this country.
Economy
Yemen's GDP in 2013 was more than 61 billion dollars and the per capita income was about 2500 dollars. Services are the most important sector of the country's economy, accounting for 61% of GDP, followed by industry with 31% and agriculture with 7.7%. Oil production accounts for 63% of the government's income. Agriculture was more important in the past and included 18-27% of the country's production.
